‘Defining step’: PM Modi hails India’s first indigenous nuclear reactor milestone

Describing it as a “defining step,” Modi said the achievement reflects India’s growing strength in advanced nuclear technology and its commitment to energy self-reliance.

He congratulated the scientists, engineers, and all those involved in the project, calling it a proud moment for the nation’s scientific community.

What ‘criticality’ means

The attainment of “criticality” marks a crucial stage in a nuclear reactor’s lifecycle—when a self-sustaining nuclear fission chain reaction begins under controlled conditions.

This is a key step before the reactor moves toward full power generation.

Why the PFBR matters

The 500 MW Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor, developed by Bharatiya Nabhikiya Vidyut Nigam Limited (BHAVINI), is central to India’s three-stage nuclear power programme.

• It uses plutonium-based fuel and liquid sodium cooling
• It can “breed” more nuclear fuel than it consumes, making it highly efficient
• It is expected to pave the way for large-scale use of India’s vast thorium reserves
• The reactor’s success is seen as a stepping stone toward long-term energy security and reduced dependence on fossil fuels.

A long-awaited milestone

Construction of the PFBR began in 2004 and has seen multiple delays before reaching this critical stage.

With criticality achieved, the reactor is now expected to gradually scale up operations before full commissioning.